Fed’s performance over next six months is key but challenges may be bigger than many analysts expect

The global economy this year is full of puzzling surprises. Japan’s GDP growth is currently surpassing that of China, and July retail sales in the US were double the consensus forecast, despite the US Federal Reserve pursuing one of the most concentrated rate-hiking cycles in decades.

In the UK, wage growth has risen to an annualised rate of 7.8% and core inflation has remained high, even after 14 consecutive rate increases by the Bank of England (with more to come). Meanwhile, Brazil and Chile have cut interest rates, diverging from market expectations that the Fed will keep rates high for a prolonged period.